IELTS vocabulary · Everyday life

IELTS Vocabulary for Food and Cooking

Food questions surface everywhere: Part 1 warm-ups about daily meals, Part 2 cards on festivals or celebrations, Part 3 discussions about changing eating habits, and Writing Task 2 essays touching on fast food or health policy. Because the topic feels so casual, candidates often default to the same handful of adjectives, which is exactly what limits their Lexical Resource score.

Band 7 vocabulary here is less about naming exotic dishes and more about natural collocation — “rich in flavour” and “comfort food” sound like a fluent speaker, while “very nice” and “very good” repeated across five answers do not. The most common mistakes are relying on “delicious” for every positive opinion, translating phrases like “eat outside” directly instead of using the correct collocation “eat out,” and describing dislike too bluntly instead of using a softer, natural phrase like “an acquired taste.”

If you came here for cooking words rather than food words, the verbs are in the groups below: chop, boil, fry, simmer, marinate, season and garnish, with phrases like “rustle up” and “batch-cook” that turn an account of a meal into a short story. A Part 2 card about a dish you cooked, or about a family recipe, is where they earn their place.

Where this topic comes up

  • Part 1Warm-up questions about your own life — “What kind of food do you like?”, and four more below.
  • Part 2A turn of one to two minutes on a card such as Describe a celebration or festival you enjoyed, Describe something you do to stay healthy.
  • Part 3The abstract follow-ups, where precision counts most — “How have eating habits changed in your country in recent years?”.
  • Writing Task 2Essay questions on food and cooking reward exactly the same phrases — a collocation you can say is one you can write.

Instead of… say…

Same idea, sharper words. The left column is what most candidates reach for first; the right is what an examiner hears as precise.

Instead ofSay
the food was very good the dish was absolutely deliciousprecise adjective beats a flat intensifier
I like to cook food I enjoy cooking from scratchnames the specific method, sounds more natural
it tastes very nice it's rich in flavourcollocation is more natural than "very nice"
I eat outside a lot I eat out a lotcorrect natural collocation, not a literal translation
this food is bad for me it's not the healthiest optionsofter, more natural register than a blunt claim
I don't really like this food it's a bit of an acquired tasteidiom expresses the opinion more naturally
we ate too much at the party we overindulged at the partyone precise verb replaces a wordy phrase
this is our traditional food this is part of our culinary traditionformal noun phrase fits Part 3 discussion
I cooked the meal fast I rustled up a quick mealone phrasal verb replaces two plain words
I put salt and pepper I seasoned it to tastethe cooking verb sounds natural and precise

Phrases by band

Each phrase comes with what it means and one sentence you could actually say. Learn the sentence, not the word on its own.

Band 6

Band 6 essentials

Clear, correct, common. These carry a whole answer without sounding rehearsed.

  • food

    word

    anything people eat for nourishment

    I think food is one of the best parts of travelling.

  • cook

    word

    to prepare food by heating it

    I usually cook dinner for my family on weekends.

  • delicious

    word

    having a very pleasant taste

    My grandmother's soup is always delicious in winter.

  • recipe

    word

    a set of instructions for preparing a dish

    I found this recipe online and tried it last night.

  • fresh ingredients

    collocation

    food items that are recently produced, not processed

    This restaurant is known for using fresh ingredients every day.

  • homemade food

    collocation

    food prepared at home rather than bought

    I much prefer homemade food to anything from a restaurant.

  • eat out

    phrasal verb

    to have a meal at a restaurant

    My friends and I eat out together most Fridays.

  • traditional dish

    collocation

    a meal that has been made the same way for generations

    This traditional dish is served at almost every wedding in my country.

  • fast food

    collocation

    food that is prepared and served very quickly

    I try not to eat fast food more than once a week.

  • healthy meal

    collocation

    food that is good for your body

    I always try to prepare a healthy meal before a busy day.

  • chop

    word

    to cut food into small pieces with a knife

    I chop the vegetables while the water comes to the boil.

  • boil

    word

    to cook something in water that is bubbling with heat

    I usually boil the rice first and then fry it with vegetables.

  • fry

    word

    to cook food in hot oil in a pan

    My father likes to fry fish on Fridays.

  • follow a recipe

    collocation

    to cook by doing what a written set of instructions says

    I always follow a recipe the first time I cook a new dish.

Band 7

Band 7 collocations

Words that belong together. This is where lexical resource starts to separate a 6 from a 7.

  • whip up

    phrasal verb

    to prepare food quickly and without much effort

    My mother can whip up a full dinner in twenty minutes.

  • from scratch

    idiom

    using basic ingredients rather than pre-made ones

    I prefer baking bread from scratch instead of buying it.

  • mouth-watering

    word

    looking or smelling extremely appetising

    The smell coming from that kitchen was absolutely mouth-watering.

  • staple food

    collocation

    a food eaten regularly and forming a large part of the diet

    Rice is a staple food in most households where I grew up.

  • acquired taste

    idiom

    something that becomes enjoyable only after repeated exposure

    Blue cheese is definitely an acquired taste for a lot of people.

  • pair well with

    collocation

    to go well together, especially with food or drink

    I think red wine and cheese pair well with each other.

  • comfort food

    collocation

    food that gives emotional satisfaction, often from childhood

    Whenever I feel stressed, I go straight for comfort food.

  • dig in

    phrasal verb

    to start eating enthusiastically

    As soon as the plates arrived, everyone started to dig in.

  • try out a new recipe

    phrasal verb

    to test a recipe you have not cooked before

    Every weekend I try out a new recipe I found online.

  • rich in flavour

    collocation

    having a strong and satisfying taste

    This sauce is surprisingly rich in flavour for something so simple.

  • cut down on fast food

    phrasal verb

    to reduce how often you eat fast food

    I've been trying to cut down on fast food since the new year.

  • overindulge

    word

    to eat or drink more than is reasonable

    It's easy to overindulge during festivals when there's so much food.

  • simmer

    word

    to cook gently in liquid that is just below boiling

    Let the sauce simmer for twenty minutes so the flavours develop.

  • marinate

    word

    to leave meat, fish or vegetables in a sauce before cooking so they absorb its flavour

    We marinate the chicken overnight before the barbecue.

  • season to taste

    collocation

    to add salt, pepper or spices in the amount you prefer

    The recipe just says to season to taste, so everyone's version is a little different.

  • a pinch of salt

    collocation

    a very small amount of salt, as much as you can hold between two fingers

    A pinch of salt brings out the sweetness of the dish.

  • batch-cook

    word

    to cook a large quantity at once and keep portions for later

    On Sundays I batch-cook lunches for the whole week.

Band 8

Band 8 precision

Precise, and often idiomatic. Use one where it genuinely fits, never as decoration.

  • culinary tradition

    collocation

    the established customs and methods of cooking in a culture

    This dish is a central part of our culinary tradition.

  • bland and uninspired

    collocation

    lacking flavour or creativity

    The meal at that hotel was bland and uninspired, unfortunately.

  • a far cry from

    idiom

    very different from something, usually worse

    The food at the airport was a far cry from what I'd hoped for.

  • wholesome home-cooked meal

    collocation

    a nourishing meal made at home with care

    Nothing beats a wholesome home-cooked meal after a long week.

  • refined palate

    collocation

    a sophisticated ability to appreciate subtle flavours

    My uncle has a refined palate and always notices small details in food.

  • indulge in

    phrasal verb

    to allow yourself to enjoy something, often as a treat

    On special occasions, I like to indulge in a rich dessert.

  • gastronomic experience

    collocation

    a meal or trip centred on enjoying high-quality food

    Visiting that region turned into a real gastronomic experience for us.

  • fusion cuisine

    collocation

    cooking that blends styles from different culinary traditions

    The new restaurant downtown specialises in fusion cuisine.

  • rustle up

    phrasal verb

    to prepare a meal quickly from whatever is available

    My mother can rustle up a meal from almost nothing.

  • garnish

    word

    to decorate a finished dish with a small amount of food, such as herbs

    She garnishes every plate with fresh coriander.

  • a generous helping

    collocation

    a large serving of food

    My grandmother always gives me a generous helping of rice.

Test yourself

8 sentences from the examples above, with the phrase taken out. Pick the phrase that belongs in the gap — press 1–4 or tap.

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Practise it out loud

A phrase you have only read is not yet yours. Answer these aloud and count how many of the phrases above you actually reach for.

Part 1 questions

  • What kind of food do you like?
  • Do you often cook for yourself?
  • Did anyone in your family teach you to cook?
  • Do you prefer eating at home or eating out?
  • What is a typical meal like in your country?

Part 3 questions

  • How have eating habits changed in your country in recent years?
  • Why do you think fast food has become so popular worldwide?
  • Should schools teach children how to cook?
  • Is traditional cooking disappearing in modern society?
  • What role does food play in bringing families together?

Frequently asked questions

Is it acceptable to name specific dishes from my country in Speaking?

Yes, naming a real dish shows genuine knowledge, but always add a short description in English so the examiner can follow your meaning.

Do words like "delicious" and "tasty" sound too basic for a high band?

They are fine occasionally, but relying on them for every answer caps your range. Mixing in phrases like "rich in flavour" or "mouth-watering" shows more control.

What is the most common vocabulary mistake on food topics?

Translating directly from another language, such as "eat outside" instead of "eat out." Learning fixed collocations avoids this kind of unnatural phrasing.

Which cooking verbs are worth learning for IELTS Speaking?

A short set covers most answers - chop, boil, fry, simmer, marinate, season and garnish. They let you describe a dish step by step on a Part 2 card about a meal you cooked or a family recipe, which sounds more precise than saying you "made" everything. Learn each one inside a sentence, as the table above shows them.

Is "cooker" the person who cooks?

No. In British English a cooker is the appliance you cook on, and the person is a cook, or a chef when it is their profession. Mixing these up is a common slip on the food topic, and a wrong word in a simple sentence is more noticeable than a plain one.

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